Sylvania



D. C. HERSHBERGER,

M '0 R 4 w m is w un Q} Trolley f J @i Q, an

ATTORNEY Q mi 5N WITNES8ES: Q I INVEZITOR [LE3 mg. Hers be/yen Patented Nov. 28, 1922.,

Patented Nov. 28, 1922.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID C. nnnsnnnnena, or TURTLE CREEK, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR ro WEST- menoosa ELECTRIC AND MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION or PENN- SYLVANIA.

SYSTEM OF CONTROL.

Application filed January 30, 1920. Serial No. 355,077.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAVID C. HERSHBER- can, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Turtle Creek, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Systems of Control, of which the followlng is a specification.

' My invention relates to systems of control for dynamo-electric machines and it has panying drawing, wherein the single figure is a diagrammatic view of an alternatingcurrent transmission and distribution sys tem for electric railways, together with two locomotives respectively of the regenerative and the non-regenerative type.

In electric-railway systems, including 10- comotives that are adapted for regenerative operation, it sometimes happens that, by reason of traveling down a grade, for example, a voltage considerably above that of the normal supply circuit is provided by the momentum-driven machines on a locomotive of the regenerative type. Such relatively high voltage may often be in excess of safe operating values for auxiliary motors, lamp circuits, etc. on the same locomotive and,

, also, for all of the machines and apparatus 7 upon other locomotives which happen to be running in the vicinity of the regenerative v locomotive and thus receive a voltage considerably higher than the normal substa tion voltage. The same statements holdwith respect to signal circuits which may be operated from they trolley circuit.

In particular, when the feeder conductors installed in arailway system are of p v relatively limited capacity, it may be necesyt o providefor a comparatively large voltage drop between a locomotive of the regenerative type and a substation or other source of supply, in order to permit returning a maximum amount of energy to the line when the locomotive is descending grades or retarding its speed.v This condition, of course, slgmfies that a regenerative voltage materially in excess of the normal substation voltage is required.

Referring to the accompanying drawing, the railway system shown comprises a main alternating-current three-phase generator 1 of a familiar typethat is connected to a I feeder or distribution circuit 2 to which a substation 3 of either the step-down or rotary converter type is connected to transform or convert the feeder voltage to a single-phase or direct-current voltage of suitable value, such as 600 volts, for operating locomotives.

The drawing diagrammatically illustrates two locomotives 4 and 5, respectively of the regenerative and the non-regenerative type, that operate from a suitable sup ly circuit having conductors Trolley and round, in

.accordance with a customary practice.

Considering the regenerative locomotive 4, the illustrated apparatus thereon comprises a main or car-propelling motor M1 having a commutator-type armature A1 and an exciting field winding F1 of the series type that is energized, during the regenerative period, from the armature 11 of a commutator-type exciter 10, the shunt field winding 12 of which is connected, through a rheostat 13 and a hand-operated switch 14, across the supply conductors. The exciter 10 is driven by an auxiliary motor 15 having a commutator-type armature 16 that is suitably coupled with the exciter 10, as by a shaft 17, and a series field winding 18, a hand switch 19 being provided for connecting .the auxiliary motor 15 across the supply circuit.

For the purpose of controllin the armature circuit of the main motor ill, a drum controller 20 is shown as adapted to insert more or less of a resistor 21 in the armature circuit, as willbe understood.

The auxiliary apparatus installed upon the locomotive is shown as comprising a compressor motor 22 having a commutatortype armature23' and a series field windin 24, a lamp circuit 25, and a oontrol circu t and are shown for illustrativepun poses only and that'any other translating tively high regenerative '\'oltage,-tor previ- 26 for governing the operation of various time of the auxiliary translating devices 22,

switches, orthe like included in the aux- 25 and 26. In other words, the protective reiliary control circuits for the locomotive. sistor 27 remains short-circuited during such It will he understood thatthe devices 22, normaloperation.

' However, upon the occurrence of a reladevices that are not adapted for safe op ously explained reasons, the'voltage relay 29 eration from a voltage materially higher is actuated to its illustrated upper or openthan the normal supply-circuit voltage of circuit position to de-energize the actuating 600 volts, for example, may be installed on coil of the switch 28, which thereupon drops the locomotive-to replacethoseishown or to 'to its lower. position to insert the protective be employed in additionthereto. resistor 2'? in the circuit ofthe anxiliary The protective apparatus forthe auxiliary translating devices.r mentioned. Consecircuits comprisesaresiston or. thelike quently, a vsuitablylow and, therefore; safe that is connected in series .rela tion withthe I .operatingvoltage .is impressed upon the coinp mne iqOnnected translating, devices 22, 25 pressormotor the lampcircuit 25 'and the J and 2,6and vhiclnnnder normal 0r11ow-volcontrol circuit 26. [These auxiliary circuits s ge icon.

" short-circuited by anelectrically:controlled.K ne-r, irrespective of the relatively high volsw tch Orrela Y 28,, the actuatmgcml for, tagethat the locomotive 1S 11Ilp 1 8$1ng upon ons oi the supply-circuit, is thus continue to function in the normal manq which governed by ,a voltagek relav 29,] thesupplyrcircuit.conductors.

has its actnatingicoildirectly connecthen theregenerative voltage decreases ed to the supply-e i'cuit, conductors. Thus,; to value approximately equal tothat of the under norn'ial orlowlivoltageroperating connormal supply-c ncuit voltage, or when red tions, the voltage relay, 2,9. occupies. its .generativeoperation is {llSQOIllZlIlUBCLlhQV011 lower position to closethe switclr28 andthus tage 1'ela y29 will .drop to its lower position short-circuit. the; protective ,resistor. 27. The. other locomot ve. 5.is 01 the non-re,g;en-. protect ve resistor 18 again short-circuited erative typeand mcludes a main or car-pro to, allow the normal supply-circuitvoltage to pellinp; motor M2 having a con nnntator-t pe. be; impressed upon the circuits .01 the,au xil i.

armature A2 andaseriesconnected exciting, arytranslating devices 22, 25 and 26.

, field, winding F2 A gnaincircuit protective It the locomotive 5 of the'non-regenerative resistor 38, wl1ich isprov vided tor. the motor type, is running in the vicinity of the-regen- 2, is. normally.;s'hort .circuited by, a switch erative locomotive that avoltage higher 39., as subsequently more fully explained. .,,than that of the normal substatioiivoltage The reinainingapparatus.uponi the loco; is being. supplied to the locomotive amen motive, numbered from 40 to. t9, inclusive, similar protective. functlons are. automaticcolfl'esponds to, that nstalletlupon the loco;,allyperformed by reason of. thevlifting of a motive 4.andnumberedfrom,20 to 2.9,,qincluvoltage rel av l?) and. the conseqi'ient opening; .40.

sive. ,More,specifically stated, a controller, iotswitches 39 and 48 to .respectivelyinsert .40 governs a variableresistortl in the main the main-circuit protective. resistor 38 and motor c ncult,.while acompressor motor 42, theanx1l-1arv protect1ve;resistor 47 in series having; anarmature 43 and afielclwinding ,relatiOn with the IXIQlD mOlJOT LIQ and. the

. whereby, underjsuch voltage conditions, the no 1 lower. position. undern nal or lowgvoltage theysupply circi .Asl, together with aparallehconnected lamp: parallel-connected auxiliary translating decircuit 45" and a. control circuit, 46, ,pro. vices t2, t5, and 4:6. ,Consequently, inthis :tectedgfrom high. voltage byiagresistor 47 case, boththe main motor and the auxilithat is normally ,SllOlll Cll'CLllllQCl by a switch aryapparatus are fully protected from the 4:8; A fvoltap ie relay lll which; occupies itseffects of the h i ol i aressed upon conditions of the; suppl rcui-t, adapted moti 6 4e togovernlhoth .o, the switches 39 [and t8,

value bvreason of the "cessation of remain ,circuitprotective. resistor 38 land theuioenerative action or because .ofthe increasshort circuited.

auxiliary circuit-protective resistor 4t?v are .ingr distance between thelocomotiveshwhere- J by. the" trollevcnrcuit' voltage .dropserves to Theoperationof myginvention may be set. absorb the excess value of electromotive torth HS follows, .Assnming; that the proper, ,'foi.'ce,.tlien th.e% voltage relay 49 on the .non-

manipulation of. the ,,main and; the exciting;regenerative locomotive?) will, drop to its circuits on the regene'ratiue.locomotive 4 has. lowerposition toefiect theenergi'zation of been..effectedto start and maintainregenerathe switches 39,.and x8 andflthusiagain extiveoperation of the momentumwdriven dy elude protective resistors 3.8Qand t? from l'l ZIIIl Q-elGCtI'lQ machineMl, no action of the ,circuit. i i

protectiverelay devices 28Iand so l Ido not wishtotbe restrictedtothe specific long as,,the (regenerative; voltagemernams, circu t connections e -arrangement of parts within safe limitswith respect to the operaherein set forth, as various modifications s soon as such voltage decreases to a nor-.

thereof may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. I desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall be imposed as are indicated in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a system of control, the combination with a dynamo-electric machine adapted for regenerative operation, of an auxiliary working circuit shunted across said ma chine, and means responsive to predetermined electrical conditions of said machine for materially varying the regenerated voltage applied to said working circuit.

2. In a system of control, the combination with a dynamo-electric machine adapted for regenerative operation, of an auxiliary translatin device connected across said machine, and means responsive to the regenerated voltage of said machine for reducing the voltage impressed upon said translating device.

3. In a system of vehicle control, the combination with a supply circuit and a dynamo-electric machine adapted for regenerative operation, of an auxiliary Working circuit, a common traveling contact member for connecting said machine and said working circuit to said supply circuit, and means responsive to predetermined abnormal conditions in said regenerating machine for counteracting the effects thereof with respect to said Working circuit.

4. In a system of vehicle control, the combination with a dynamo-electric machine adapted for regenerative operation and loeated on one vehicle, of a translating device located on another vehicle, and means responsive to the regenerated machine voltage for modifying the circuit connections of said translating device.

5. In a system of vehicle control, the combination with a dynamo-electric machine adapted for regenerative operation and located on one vehicle, of a translating device located on another vehicle, and means responsive to predetermined abnormal machine conditions for varying the regenerated voltae applied to said translating device.

6. In a system of vehicle control, the combination with a dynamo-electric machine adapted for regenerative operation and located on one vehicle, of a translating device located on another vehicle, and means responsive to relatively high machine-voltage conditions for reducing the regenerated voltage impressed upon said translating device.

7. In a system of vehicle control, the combination with a dynamo-electric machine adapted for regenerative operation and located on one vehicle, of a translating device located on another vehicle, and means for counteracting the effects of high regenerated machine voltage with respect to said device.

8. In a system of control, the combination with a dynamo-electric machine adapted for regenerative operation, of a translating device connected in parallel relation to said machine, and means responsive to predetermined regenerative machine conditions for modifying the condition of said translating device.

9. In a system of control, the combination with a dynamo-electric machine adapted for regenerative operation, of a translating device connected in parallel relation to said machine, a resistor, and means responsive to regenerated machine voltage for inserting said resistor in circuit with said device.

10. In a system of control, the combination with a dynamo-electric machine adapted for regenerative operation, of a translating device connected in parallel relation to said machine, a resistor, and relay means responsive to relatively high regenerated machine voltage for inserting said resistor in series relation with said device.

11. In a system of vehicle control, the combination with a dynamo-electric machine adapted for regenerative operation and located on one vehicle, of a translating device located on another vehicle, a resistor, and relay means responsive to relatively high regenerated machine voltage for inserting said resistor in series relation with said device.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 21st day of January I920.

DAVID C. HERSHBERGER. 

